The Great War Begins

The Great War Begins Chapter 11 Section 1

Alliances Form • Alliance=a group of countries who pledge to defend one another and promote

PRE-WAR ALLINACES TRIPLE ENTENTE

TRIPLE ALLIANCE

• 1. Great Britain • 2. Russia  Serbia • 3. France

• 1. Austria-Hungary • 2. Germany • 3. Italy

**the alliances change names during the war**

DURING-WAR ALLIANCES CENTRAL POWERS

CENTRAL POWERS

• • • • • • • • •

• 1. Austria-Hungary • 2. Germany

1. Great Britain 2. France 3. Russia 4. Belgium 5. Italy (Switches sides) 6. Montenegro 7. Serbia 8. Albania 9. Greece

GERMANY AND BRITAIN • Built up military to protect its vast empire • Naval spending increased • Competition created arms race

CAUSES OF WWI • MILITARISM ▫ The glorification of the military ▫ Society glorified war ▫ Death wasn’t thought to be a reality

CAUSES OF WWI • ALLIANCES ▫ A group of countries who pledge to defend one another and promote

CAUSES OF WWI • IMPERIALISM ▫ Empire building in foreign countries for the exploitation of raw materials to fuel the industrial revolution

CAUSES OF WWI • NATIONALISM ▫ The feeling of intense pride in one’s nation ▫ French in France ▫ Slavic people in Slavic nations  Russia (Slavic nation) felt in debt to protect other Slavic nations

CAUSES OF WWI • WHAT DO THE PAST FOUR SLIDES SPELL? ▫ MAIN    

MILITARISM ALLIANCES IMPERIALISM NATIONALISM

THE POWDER KEG • Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary ▫ Heir to thorn ▫ Visited Sarajevo where he and his wife were assassinated  Killed by Serbian nationalists called the Black Hand  Gavirlo Princip

World War I • Kaiser William II: horrified at assassination of his ally • Excuse to crush Serbia • Austria sent ultimatum to avoid war ▫ End all anti-Austrian sentiment ▫ Serbia agreed to most terms  July 28, 1914: Austria declared war on Serbia

ALLIANCE SYSTEM HEATS UP • Russia backed Serbia as a Slavic nation ▫ August 1, 1914: Germany declared war on Russia ▫ Russia appealed to France  Way to avenge Franco-Prussian War

▫ Germany then declared war on France

• **MORE TO COME ON G.B.**

SCHLIEFFEN PLAN • Developed by Alfred von Schlieffen • Germany’s position could create a two-front war ▫ ▫ ▫ ▫

Schlieffen Plan was designed to avoid this 1st move against France 2nd Must march through neutral Belgium Occupation of Belgium drew GREAT BRITIAN into the war (Had an alliance)  August 4, 1914: Britain declared war on Germany