Meera Tiwari & Susannah Pickering-Saqqa, University of East London
[email protected] [email protected]
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To map and disseminate good practice in
overcoming deprivations in urban communities of London and Mumbai.
This presentation is part of the bigger study
An overview of the London component DSA 3 Nov 2012
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Deprivation within literature in Capability Approach ◦ Lack of entitlements Entitlements: Can be economic or non-economic, physical or non-physical ◦ ‘Lack the opportunity to be adequately nourished,
decently clothed, minimally educated, or properly sheltered’ (Sen, 1979)
Note: the opportunities here are context specific – Sen’s unrestrictive list of capabilities Poverty as capability deprivation ◦ Income poverty ◦ Capability poverty
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Sampling strategy
Levels of deprivation in Boroughs (DCLG English Indices of Deprivation 2010). Varied constituencies
Evidence of interventions with positive outcomes
Access – key challenge in northern context
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Domains of deprivation Income Employment Health Education & skills Housing Crime Environment
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ATD Fourth World, Lewisham
Osmani Trust, Tower Hamlets
London Citizens, Hackney
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1.
ATD Fourth World Lewisham ID 16th most deprived borough in London, 31st in England; high ranking on employment & crime (DCLG 2011) Works with predominantly white English families. Self-defines as a “human rights based, anti-poverty organisation”
OGB-funded SLA work on Voices for a Change
Access via team member research
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2. London Citizens
Hackney 1st most deprived borough in London, 2nd in England or Newham 6th in England, 2nd in London (DCLG 2011) Uses community organising to “transform communities and build local power”. Office cleaners from Latin America.
Living Wage campaign in Canary Wharf/Olympic
UEL LSS Membership of TELCO.
Park/UEL?
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3. Osmani Trust
Tower Hamlets 3rd most deprived borough in London, 7th in England; worst in London on income and housing measures(DCLG 2011) Roots in anti-racism work of 1970s. Now working on “substance misuse, racial tensions…territoriality and gang-related violence”. 30% TH population from Bangladeshi community (LBTH 2011)
London Councils-funded Pathways to Citizenship
Access via project manager DSA 3 Nov 2012
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Deprivation
Pre-case study condition
Opportunity needed to overcome deprivation
Agency needed to overcome deprivation
Outcome
Poor literacy
Poor knowledge of entitlements, unable to access employment opportunities,
Opportunity to be educated, Social Policy institutional capacity
Collective, individual & relational
Educated communities, rights, entitlement
Poor health
Unable to be healthy, being inactive
Social opportunities Social Policy, institutional capacity
Individual & relational Good health of present & future generations
Social exclusion
Poor self-esteem, no decision making & participation
Participative freedom, political will
Individual, collective Socially inclusive & relational society
Poor governance Unable to access public Openness in government Individual, collective, goods, to have legal relational protection Livelihood/Food Poor nourishment Life Market opportunities; Individual, collective insecurity uncertainties social policy & relational
Effective pursuit of political, social and economic freedoms Well nutritioned adults & children Material well-being
Source: Based on Tiwari and Ibrahim, 2012 DSA 3 Nov 2012
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Workshop 1 outcome: Decision to consult with case study organisations on their understandings of “deprivation”. Next steps: 1. Scoping visits and interviews with key decision-makers in case study organisations to understand:
Deprivations they address; strategies used to address them; expected outcomes. Constituencies – snowball sampling – risk attached.
2.
Revise conceptual framework
3.
Field Work – data collected via semi-structured interviews with field level activists & “beneficiaries”.
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Conceptual
Will the contextual understandings of “deprivation” in both London & Mumbai allow for meaningful comparative analysis?
Methodological
How will access issues determine choice of Borough focus for LC case study and limit validity of data (OT)?
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The Capability Approach Literature Joseph Rowntree Foundation: ◦ Ethnic minorities and urban deprivation, 1998 ◦ Ethnic minorities in the inner city, Dorsett, 1998 ◦ Immigration and Social Cohesion in the UK, 2008 ◦ Immigration, Social Cohesion and Social Capital, 2008 Ostrom, E., 2011; 2008 Stiglitz, Sen, and Fitoussi, 2009 Social Cohesion: ◦ Perspectives on global development 2012, Social Cohesion in a shifting world, OECD ◦ Social cohesion, institutions, and growth, Easterly, Ritzen, and Woolcock, 2006
Townsend P (1987). “Deprivation”, in Journal of Social Policy 16, 125–146. DCLG (2011) Indices of Deprivation 2010 Thank you DSA 3 Nov 2012
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