v1_03_whose_blood

Whose Blood Is It, Anyway? Current Issues in Biology, Volume 1 Scientific American

PowerPoint® Lectures

Lectures by Chris Romero, Front Range Community College Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Whose Blood Is It, Anyway? Concept Review

• Since 1998, hundreds of lives have been saved by blood contained in the placenta and umbilical cord. • This blood contains hematopoietic stem cells which can develop into many kinds of blood cells and be used to treat many diseases. • The cells have been used to treat leukemia, sickle cell disease and severe combined immunodeficiency syndrome.

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Whose Blood Is It, Anyway? Concept Review

• The first cord blood transfusion occurred in 1972, but its potential was not fully realized until 1989. • Cord blood is better for transplantation than child or adult bone marrow because it is less likely to cause graft-versushost disease.

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Whose Blood Is It, Anyway? Concept Review

• Umbilical cord blood transplantation has many advantages over bone marrow transplant. - The size of the donor pool is much larger. - Cord blood is readily available from a blood bank’s freezer.

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Whose Blood Is It, Anyway? Concept Review

• Cord blood transplantation is not without risks.

- The stem cells might contain genetic mistakes that could cause a disease in a recipient. - It contains relatively small numbers of stem cells in a single sample.

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Whose Blood Is It, Anyway? Testing Your Comprehension

Immediately after birth, blood can be collected from the umbilical cord and ________, also called the after birth.

a) uterus b) placenta c) uvula d) stem cells

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Whose Blood Is It, Anyway? Testing Your Comprehension

Immediately after birth, blood can be collected from the umbilical cord and ________, also called the after birth.

b) placenta

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Whose Blood Is It, Anyway? Testing Your Comprehension

Which of these conditions is least likely to be successfully treated using cord blood stem cells? a) leukemia b) sickle cell disease c) breast cancer d) immune disorders, such as sever combined immunodeficiency (SCID)

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Whose Blood Is It, Anyway? Testing Your Comprehension

Which of these conditions is least likely to be successfully treated using cord blood stem cells?

c) breast cancer

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Whose Blood Is It, Anyway? Testing Your Comprehension

Why are immune cells extracted from umbilical cord blood better for transplantation than those in child or adult bone marrow? a) They are less likely to cause cancer. b) They are less likely to cause graft-versus-host disease. c) They are denser and thus easier to transplant. d) They can develop into more types of cells.

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Whose Blood Is It, Anyway? Testing Your Comprehension

Why are immune cells extracted from umbilical cord blood better for transplantation than those in child or adult bone marrow?

b) They are less likely to cause graft-versus-host disease.

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Whose Blood Is It, Anyway? Biology In Society

For-profit companies will charge large fees to preserve a newborn’s cord blood for possible use by the family later? Is that right when the chance a child will ever need his or her cord blood ranges from 1 in 10,000 to 1 in 200,000?

Strongly Agree

A.

B.

C.

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D.

E.

Strongly Disagree

Whose Blood Is It, Anyway? Biology In Society

React to the following statement: I would consider umbilical cord blood banking for my baby.

Strongly Agree

A.

B.

C.

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D.

E.

Strongly Disagree

Whose Blood Is It, Anyway? Thinking About Science

Assume that a mother and father are both heterozygous with different alleles for a particular HLA gene (and thus have four different alleles for that gene). What are the odds that their two children will have HLA alleles for this gene that match each other?

a) b) c) d)

100% 50% 25% 0%

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Whose Blood Is It, Anyway? Thinking About Science

Assume that a mother and father are both heterozygous with different alleles for a particular HLA gene (and thus have four different alleles for that gene). What are the odds that their two children will have HLA alleles for this gene that match each other?

c) 25%

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings